Neurodiversity
Neurodiveristy is a word and concept used to describe and respect the range of human brain functioning. It includes the idea that there is not one "normal" or "healthy" type of brain, but that there is a wide range of brain functioning in the human population. Respecting neurodiversity means recognizing that each individual has personal cognitive strengths, weaknesses and a unique approach to life.
Individuals identifying as neurodivergent have brains and cognitive functioning that differs significantly from most people. Someone may have diagnoses like learning disabilities, sensory differences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Tourette's Syndrome or be Autistic. Someone may be neurodivergent for a wide range of reasons- it's how they were born/genetic or it's the result of experiences/events that alter brain development or functioning. Examples of environmentally based neurodivergence include traumatic brain injury, drug use or childhood trauma.
Neurodivergent individuals and their family members often face complicated challenges and stigma compared to neurotypical individuals. They are at higher risk for anxiety disorders, depression, chronic, complex post traumatic stress and PDA (Persistent Drive for Autonomy/Pathological Demand Avoidance). Suicidality is common and often a long term risk.
Neurodivergent individuals tend to benefit less from traditional psychotherapy approaches and can actually be harmed when uninformed providers are doing "treatment as usual". ND individuals benefit from mental health treatment that is patient driven/patient centered and empowerment based, with interventions modified for their preference and tailored for their individual cognitive profile. Psychotherapy for neurodivergent individuals may also function as a long term place for emotional support, a place to be oneself safely and a place for reflection about living as a neurodivergent person in a culture geared toward neurotypical people. Psychotherapy can also be one part of a larger treatment plan that may include therapies like occupational therapy, speech therapy, physical therapy, psychiatry and others.
I have found over time that my ND clients tend to benefit more from a mixed approach that integrates various psychotherapy methods such as insight oriented therapy, supportive psychotherapy, modified Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, modified Exposure Response Prevention therapy, play therapy/game based therapy, social communication skills coaching, family psychotherapy, parent coaching and psychoeducation.